Security issue has been a common problem for online exams (Barthel, 2016 Butler-Henderson & Crawford, 2020 Dadashzadeh, 2021). Therefore, online assessment tools should also have features that can provide solutions to the problems in the ERT period. The need for secure online assessment systems has been felt more especially during the COVID-19 period. Unlike planned distance education activities, it aims to produce fast, practical, reliable, and flexible solutions to problems (Hodges et al., 2020).
It includes workarounds rather than a permanent plan. The concept of ERT emerged as a result of the crisis experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Online exams also tend to increase in parallel with this situation since most of the exams, quizzes, tests, and many other measurement and evaluation tools have been moved to online platforms in Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) period. Online education applications have increased in recent years, both due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). It is an undoubted fact that exams are extremely important to achieve teaching goals (Brown et al., 2013 Fuchs & Fuchs, 1984).
Identifying trends in the characteristics of online assessment systems is expected to guide practitioners, decision-makers, researchers, and system developers in the process of selecting and/or developing an online assessment system for use in online measurement and evaluation. For this purpose, the prominent online assessment systems have been determined by systematically analyzing academic studies published in 2020, and answers have been sought to the following research questions: (1) which platforms they support, (2) which security features they have, and (3) what common features they have. This research focus on the features of the online assessment systems and aims to examine the trends towards the prominent features of the online assessment systems in the Emergency Remote Teaching period. Along with the pandemic, many institutions have used various online assessment systems to make measurements and evaluations online, and researchers have conducted research on these online assessment systems. One of the problems is the subject of measurement and evaluation. This urgent transition process has caused many problems in educational environments. The COVID-19 pandemic caused many educational institutions in the world to switch to the distance education process, and this process was called "Emergency Remote Teaching".
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